What Are the Differences Between the Forging Process and the Sand Casting Process?

1. Forging process

Forging process is a processing method to obtain forgings with certain mechanical properties, certain shapes and sizes. This processing method mainly uses forging machinery to apply pressure to the metal blank to produce plastic deformation.

Through the forging process, the as-cast looseness of metals and welding holes can be eliminated, and the mechanical properties of forged parts are usually better than those of castings of the same material. For important mechanical parts with high load and harsh working conditions, in addition to simple shapes, profiles or welded parts that can be rolled, forgings are mostly used.

Forging process materials are mainly carbon steel and alloy steels of various compositions, followed by aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, etc. and their alloys. The original state of the material includes bars, ingots, metal powder and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the metal before deformation to the cross-sectional area of the die after deformation is called the forging ratio. The correct choice of forging ratio has a lot to do with improving product quality and reducing costs.

2. Sand casting process

Casting is a technological process. Casting melts the metal into a liquid that meets certain requirements and pours it into a mold. After cooling, solidification, and cleaning, a casting (part or blank) with a predetermined shape, size and performance is obtained.

The cost of the blank produced by the sand casting process is low. 

And for parts with complex shapes, especially with complex cavities, it can show its economic efficiency. It also has a wide range of adaptability and good comprehensive mechanical properties.